Required Components

The Arduino UNO acts as the main controller of the Bluetooth-controlled robot car. It receives movement commands from the Bluetooth module and processes them according to the programmed instructions. The HC-05 Bluetooth module provides wireless communication between the Arduino and the smartphone, allowing the user to send commands without a physical wired connection.

The L298N motor driver is used to control the two DC gear motors. Since the Arduino cannot directly supply enough current to drive the motors, the motor driver receives control signals from the Arduino and provides the required power to the motors. The 2 × DC gear motors are responsible for moving the robot car forward, backward, and for turning left or right.

The robot car chassis provides the mechanical frame for mounting the Arduino, motor driver, battery, motors, and other components. The 2 × wheels are connected to the motor shafts and provide traction for movement, while the caster wheel supports the front or rear of the chassis and allows smooth turning. A suitable battery pack supplies electrical power to the motors and electronic components.

Jumper wires are used to make electrical connections between the Arduino UNO, HC-05 Bluetooth module, L298N motor driver, and other components. Finally, a smartphone with a Bluetooth-control app serves as the wireless remote controller. The user can send commands such as Forward, Backward, Left, Right, and Stop to operate the robot car.